Sacisaurus

Sacisaurus (referred to in Portuguese as sacissauro) is a genus of dinosauriform (a relative to basal dinosaurs) that lived in the south of Brazil 220 million years ago, in the Triassic period Caturrita Formation. The scientific name refers to the city where the Sacisaurus was found, Agudo in the Rio Grande do Sul state and to Saci, a famous one-legged elf from Brazilian mythology, because the fossil skeleton has been found missing a leg. It was discovered in the geopark of Paleorrota.

Characteristics
Sacisaurus was 1.5 meters (5 ft) long and 70 centimeters (2.3 ft) high. Its long and strong legs indicate that it was a fast animal. According to Jorge Ferigolo, paleontologist of Zoobothanic Foundation of Rio Grande do Sul state, the biggest teeth of the genus were 3 millimeters (1/12 in) long.

The well-preserved jaw indicates that Sacisaurus was an herbivore, and there is a process at the tip that resembles the ornithischian predentary bone. Further research will attempt to define if Sacisaurus was the oldest ornithischian dinosaur. Through the cladistic analysis of some of its morphological particularities, its closest relative may be Silesaurus.

History
Sacisaurus was discovered in 2001 in the small municipality of Agudo, in the countryside of Rio Grande do Sul state. Through 50 bones, scientists could assemble the skeleton and speculate on how it might have lived. The fossil was presented for the first time in the 2nd Latin American Congress of Vertebrate Paleonthology in 2005.

After the work of Brazilian scientists, the announcement of the discovery of the new species was made on November 1, 2006 at the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, where the bones were identified and the paper was published in the British scientific journal Historical Biology: A Journal of Paleobiology on October 30 2006.

The discovery helped scientists to study the feeding habits of dinosaurs and their close relatives, since it is one of the oldest ever found.