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in: Geologic formations, Cretaceous paleontological sites of Asia

Jiufotang Formation

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Jiufotang Formation

Type

Geological formation

Age

Aptian

Unit of

Jehol Group

Overlies

Yixian Formation

Region

Asia

Country

China

The Jiufotang Formation is an Early Cretaceous geological formation in Chaoyang, Liaoning which has yielded fossils of feathered dinosaurs, primitive birds, pterosaurs, and other organisms. (see Jehol Biota). It is a member of the Jehol group. The exact age of the Jiufotang has been debated for years, with estimates ranging from the Late Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous. He et al. (2004) used argon - isotope radiometry to confirm biostratigraphic age estimates. They confirmed an Early Cretaceous, Aptian age for the Jiufotang Formation, 120.3 +/-0.7 million years ago. Fossils of Microraptor and Jeholornis are from the Jiufotang.[1]

Fauna[]

Birds and other theropods[]

Birds and other theropod dinosaurs of the Jiufotang Formation
Taxa Presence Description Images

Genus:

  1. Boluochia zhengi
 An enantiornithine.

Confuciusornis

Jeholornis

Jixiangornis orientalis

Microraptor

sapeornis

Shenzhouraptor sinensis

Yixianornis

Genus:

  1. Chaoyangia beishanensis
 An ornithuran.

Genus:

  1. Confuciusornis sanctus
 A primitive short-tailed bird (pygostylian).

Genus:

  • Cuspirostrisornis
  1. Cuspirostrisornis houi
 An enantirontihine.

Genus:

  1. Jeholornis prima[1]
 A long-tailed, basal avian.

Genus:

  1. Jixiangornis orientalis
 A long-tailed bird similar to Jeholornis.

Genus:

  • Largirostrornis
  1. Largirostrornis sexdentoris
 An enantirontihine.

Genus:

  • Longchengornis
  1. Longchengornis sanyanensis
 An enantirontihine.

Genus:

  1. Longipteryx chaoyangensis
 A possible enantiornithine.

Genus:

  1. Microraptor gui
  2. Microraptor zhaoianus
  1. From the Shangheshou Beds, extremely common.[2]
  2. (Placeholder).
 A dromaeosaurid.

Genus:

  1. Sapeornis chaoyangensis
 An omnivoropterygiform, a primitive short-tailed bird.

Genus:

  1. Similicaudipteryx yixianensis
 An oviraptorosaur.

Genus:

  • Sinornis santensis/Cathayornis yandica
 An enantiornithine.

Genus:

  • Songlingornis
  1. Songlingornis linghensis
 An ornithuran.

Genus:

  1. Yanornis martini
 An ornithuran.

Genus:

  1. Yixianornis grabaui
 An ornithuran.

Choristoderans[]

Choristoderans of the Jiufotang Formation
Taxa Presence Description Images

Genus:

  1. Hyphalosaurus baitaigouensis

Hyphalosaurus

Fish[]

Fish of the Yixian Formation
Taxa Presence Description Images

Genus:

  1. Jinanichthys longicephalus
 An osteoglossiform.

Lycoptera

Genus:

  1. Lycoptera davidi
  2. Lycoptera muroii
 An osteoglossiform.

Genus:

  • Peipiaosteus
  1. Peipiaosteus pani
 A fish related to Sturgeons.

Genus:

  • Protosephurus
  1. Protosephurus liui
 A Paddlefish.

Genus:

  • Sinamia
  1. Sinamia zdanskyi
 A Bowfin.

Ornithischians[]

Ornithischian dinosaurs of the Yixian Formation
Taxa Presence Description Images

Genus:

  1. Psittacosaurus meileyingensis
  2. Psittacosaurus mongoliensis
  1. From the Shangheshou Beds, extremely common.[2]
  2. (Placeholder).
 A ceratopsian.

Psittacosaurus meileyingensis

Psittacosaurus mongoliensis

Pterosaurs[]

Pterosaurs of the Jiufotang Formation
Taxa Presence Description Images

Genus:

  1. Chaoyangopterus zhangi
 A chaoyangopterid.[3]

Liaoningopterus

Sinopterus

Genus:

  1. Eoazhdarcho liaoxiensis
 A chaoyangopterid.[3]

Genus:

  1. Eopteranodon lii
 A chaoyangopterid.[3]

Genus:

  1. Huaxiapterus benxiensis
  2. Huaxiapterus corollatus
  3. Huaxiapterus jii
 A tapejarid.[3]

Genus:

  1. Jidapterus edentus
 A chaoyangopterid.[3]

Genus:

  1. Liaoningopterus gui
 An ornithocheirid.[3]

Genus:

  1. Liaoxipterus brachyognathus
 An istiodactylid.[3]

Genus:

  1. Nurhachius ignaciobritoi
 An istiodactylid.[3]

Genus:

  1. Sinopterus dongi
  2. Sinopterus gui
 A tapejarid.[3]

Sauropods[]

Sauropod dinosaurs of the Yixian Formation
Taxa Presence Description Images

Unranked:

  1. Titanosaur sp.
 An unnamed species of titanosaur.[2]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ a b c He, H.Y., Wang, X.L., Zhou, Z.H., Wang, F., Boven, A., Shi, G.H., Zhu R.X. (2004). "Timing of the Jiufotang Formation (Jehol Group) in Liaoning, northeastern China, and its implications". Geophysical Research Letters 31(13): 1709.
  2. ^ a b c Xu, X. and Norell, M.A. (2006). "Non-Avian dinosaur fossils from the Lower Cretaceous Jehol Group of western Liaoning, China."Geological Journal, 41: 419-437.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i Wang, X. and Zhou, Z. (2006). "Pterosaur assemblages of the Jehol Biota and their implication for the Early Cretaceous pterosaur radiation ."Geological Journal, 41: 405-418.
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