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Predation

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In ecology, predation describes a biological interaction where a predator (an organism that is hunting) feeds on its prey, the organism that is attacked.[1]

Evolution of predation[]

Predation appears to have become a major selection pressure shortly before the Cambrian period—around 550 Ma—as evidenced by the almost simultaneous development of calcification in animals and algae,[2] and predation-avoiding burrowing. However, predators had been grazing on micro-organisms since at least 1000 Ma.[3][4][5][3][6]

References[]

  1. ^ Begon, M., Townsend, C., Harper, J. (1996). Ecology: Individuals, populations and communities (Third edition). Blackwell Science, London. ISBN 086542845X, ISBN 0632038012, ISBN 0632043938.
  2. ^ Grant, S. W. F.; Knoll, A. H.; Germs, G. J. B. (1991). "Probable Calcified Metaphytes in the Latest Proterozoic Nama Group, Namibia: Origin, Diagenesis, and Implications". Journal of Paleontology (JSTOR) 65 (1): 1–18. http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0022-3360(199101)65%3A1%3C1%3APCMITL%3E2.0.CO%3B2-R. 
  3. ^ a b Bengtson, S. (2002), "Origins and early evolution of predation", in Kowalewski, M., and Kelley, P.H. (Free full text), The fossil record of predation. The Paleontological Society Papers 8, The Paleontological Society, pp. 289–317, http://www.nrm.se/download/18.4e32c81078a8d9249800021552/Bengtson2002predation.pdf, retrieved on 2007-12-01 
  4. ^ McNamara, K.J. (20 December 1996). "Dating the Origin of Animals". Science 274 (5295): 1993–1997. doi:10.1126/science.274.5295.1993f. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/274/5295/1993f. Retrieved on 2008-06-28. 
  5. ^ Awramik, S.M. (19 November 1971). "Precambrian columnar stromatolite diversity: Reflection of metazoan appearance" (abstract). Science 174 (4011): 825–827. doi:10.1126/science.174.4011.825. PMID 17759393. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/174/4011/825. Retrieved on 2007-12-01. 
  6. ^ Stanley (2008). "Predation defeats competition on the seafloor" (extract). Paleobiology 34: 1. doi:10.1666/07026.1. http://paleobiol.geoscienceworld.org/cgi/content/extract/34/1/1. 


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